I have spent a lot of time arguing that the debate over differences between informal and formal learning is overly academic and misses the reality that all is learning (see previous post).

I am particularly interested in how to support informal learning using Information and Communciation technology. In this regard it is important to identify differences and and how they might effect the development of educational technology.

Four differences stand out for me.

The first is the importance of context. Although some formal learning is context dependent to a degree - particularly occupational or vocational learning - much education is virtually context free. Informal learning, on the other hand is heavily contextual - why I am learning something, where I am learning something, with whom I am learning it, when I am learning it and where I will apply it.

Secondly, whilst formal learning remains largely structured by traditional subject or disciplinary boundaries, informal learning does not in general respect such borders.

Similarly, formal learning tends to be scaffolded by well worked progression routes, building on previous learning. Informal learning may build on previous knowledge, but will often proceed in different ways. rather than build blocks of learning. Learners may acquire higher level learning and then fill in the gaps.

Finally, whilst formal learning is generally sequenced through course times and structures informal learning appears to be episodic with period of intense activity punctuated by periods of inactivity.

Will write another post on what this means for designing and developing educational software

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